![]() For accomplishing separation of bio-particles, some of the main parameters of cells considered are mass, shape, size, compressibility, deformability, density and other physical features. ![]() In the constantly evolving field of BioMEMS, sorting of bio-particles has received special interest in diagnostics and therapeutic applications like conducting bioassays of living cells or tissues and purification of target cells for analysis. The corresponding microfluidic devices for biological analysis demand less reagent consumption, lower sample utilization and low cost when compared with several conventional methods adopted. Advances in miniaturization of apparatus such as micro total analysis systems (µ-TAS) or popularly called ‘Lab-on-a-chip’ has reduced complexity at macro-level by integrating specific miniaturized systems like micromixers, microvalves, microchannels and micropumps. Since the last decade, biomedical analysis of a microfluidic biological system has remained an emerging research area which continues to grow further every year with the introduction of new developments in sample analysis methods. Many conventional analyses in biomedical industry mainly depend on the techniques and the operator’s experiences with the existing traditional instruments in macroscale which offer very less accuracy in detection with adulterated samples and additionally require consumption of samples at a higher rate. Over the recent years, an expeditious development of technology has been noticed in various domains of medical science out of which bio-particle separation has captured prime attention as the research focus has shifted towards advancement in therapeutic methods for prevention of viral diseases. The recent advancements in MEMS (microelectromechanical system) originating from silicon integrated circuit technology have drastically brought significant developments showcasing many technical breakthroughs, especially in the field of biotechnology. The maximum separation ratio for CTCs and WBCs has been obtained as 84% and 96%, respectively. The computational analysis of the proposed microchannel reveals that it can isolate CTCs from WBCs with better separation ratio, offers higher throughput, reduces possibilities of clogging and maintains better uniformity of pressure distribution and other flow parameters when compared with existing microchannel designs. ![]() The proposed model of microchannel isolates the CTCs from WBCs at a comparatively higher sample mass flow rate of 4 × 10 –6 kg/s and Reynolds number of 8.9 thereby operating efficiently at higher throughput, and offers excellent linearity in terms of velocity magnitude, pressure, shear rate and Reynolds number. Using a commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4, the design of the proposed microchannel has been simulated and analyzed considering an injected blood sample containing massive CTCs and slim WBCs of radii 13.5 µm and 6 µm, respectively. In this research work, a microfluidic channel consisting of three symmetrically aligned inlets and outlets and embedded circular posts has been proposed which effectively separates the CTCs from lymphocytes utilizing the concept of DLD. Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) which exploits asymmetric splitting of laminar flow around the implanted microposts has displayed trustworthy capabilities in separating cells of varying sizes. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are extremely scarce cells which cut off from a primary tumor and percolate into the circulation of blood flow and are, thus, critical for precise cancer detection and treatment.
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